Colloquium du Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (séance du 18 janvier 2016) Paul Zinn-Justin - Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : géométrie, fonctions symétriques, intégrabilité quantique

Colloquium du Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (séance du 12 octobre 2015) Florence Merlevède - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : distribution spectrale, matrices de covariance

Dynamical zeta functions of Selberg, Smale and Ruelle are analogous to the Riemann zeta function with the product over primes replaced by products over closed orbits of Anosov flows. In 1967 Smale conjectured that these zeta functions should be meromorphic but admitted "that a positive answer would be a little shocking". Nevertheless the continuation was proved in 2012 by Giulietti-­Liverani-­Pollicott. By combining the Faure Sjöstrand approach to Anosov flows and Melrose's microlocal radial estimates, Dyatlov and I gave a simple proof of that conjecture. The same radial estimates were used by Vasy to provide a microlocal explanation of the redshift effect and propagation estimates for Kerr de Sitter like spaces.
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, General Relativity, institut fourier, summer school, asymptotic analysis

indisponible
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, institut fourier, summer school, geometric measure theory, calculus of variation

Le lieu des zéros d'un polynôme à coefficients réels de n variables est (en général) une hypersurface de l'espace affine réel de dimension n dont la topologie dépend du choix du polynôme. A quelle topologie s'attendre lorsque le polynôme est choisi au hasard ? J'expliquerai les principaux résultats que l'on a pu établir avec Damien Gayet sur cette question.
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : géométrie, topologie, Grenoble, institut fourier, colloquium mathalp

L’utilisation de méthodes de théorie des faisceaux (Kashiwara-Schapira)a été dévelopée ces dernières années par Tamarkin, Nadler, Zaslow, Guillermou, Kashiwara et Schapira. Nous essaierons d’en donner un aperçu à la fois pour démontrer des résultats classiques, comme la conjecture d’Arnold, et pour des résultats nouveaux. The use of methods from the Sheaf Theory (Kashiwara-Schapira) was developped recently by Tamarkin, Nadler, Zaslow, Guillermou, Kashiwara and Schapira. We will try to give an insight of that, in order to prove classical results, such as the Arnold conjecture, and to obtain new results.  
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, institut fourier, summer school, feuilletages, COURBES PSEUDOHOLOMORPHES

indisponible
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, dynamics, institut fourier, number theory, summer school

One usually considers wave equations as evolution equations, i.e. imposes initial data and solves them. Equivalently, one can consider the forward and backward solution operators for the wave equation; these solve an equation Lu=f" style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame">Lu=f, for say f" style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame">f compactly supported, by demanding that u" style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame">u is supported at points which are reachable by forward, respectively backward, time-like or light-like curves. This property corresponds to causality. But it has been known for a long time that in certain settings, such as Minkowski space, there are other ways of solving wave equations, namely the Feynman and anti-Feynman solution operators (propagators). I will explain a general setup in which all of these propagators are inverses of the wave operator on appropriate function spaces, and also mention positivity properties, and the connection to spectral and scattering theory in Riemannian settings, as well as to the classical parametrix construction of Duistermaat and Hörmander.
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : Feynman, Grenoble (Isère), institut fourier, colloquium mathalp, Propagator

In this talk I will describe recent work with Peter Hintz on globally solving quasilinear wave equations in the presence of trapped rays, on Kerr de Sitter space, and obtaining the asymptotic behavior of solutions. For the associated linear problem without trapping, one would consider a global, non elliptic, Fredholm framework; in the presence of trapping the same framework is available for spaces of growing functions only. In order to solve the quasilinear problem we thus combine these frameworks with the normally hyperbolic trapping results of Dyatlov and a Nash Moser iteration scheme.
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, General Relativity, institut fourier, summer school, asymptotic analysis

In these lectures I will explain the basics of microlocal analysis, emphasizing non elliptic problems, such as wave propagation, both on manifolds without boundary, and on manifolds with boundary. In the latter case there is no `standard' algebra of differential, or pseudodifferential, operators; I will discuss two important frameworks: Melrose's totally characteristic, or b, operators and scattering operators. Apart from the algebraic and mapping properties, I will discuss microlocal ellipticity, real principal type propagation, radial points and generalizations, as well as normally hyperbolic trapping. The applications discussed will include Fredholm frameworks (which are thus global even for non elliptic problems!) for the Laplacian on asymptotically hyperbolic spaces and the wave operator on asymptotically de Sitter spaces, scattering theory for `scattering metrics' (such as the `large ends' of cones), wave propagation on asymptotically Minkowski spaces and generalizations (`Lorentzian scattering metrics') and on Kerr de Sitter type spaces. The lectures concentrate on linear PDE, but time permitting I will briefly discuss nonlinear versions. The lecture by the speaker in the final workshop will use these results to solve quasilinear wave equations globally, including describing the asymptotic behavior of solutions, on Kerr de Sitter spaces.
Mot(s) clés libre(s) : mathématiques, Grenoble, école d'été, General Relativity, institut fourier, summer school, asymptotic analysis